Assessment of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Status in Healthcare Facilities in an Urban District in Ghana
Solomon Anum Doku,
Richmond Bediako Nsiah,
Saida Abdul Rahman Zakaria,
Regina Amoa TuTu,
Jerome Kaba Aperiba,
George Hector Amonoo,
Dominic Nyarko,
Paul Kofi Awuah,
Gifty Sefaah Owusu,
Lynna Naa Adede Obeng,
Gilbert Dagoe,
Agyapong Kwame Addai,
Sandra Frimpomaa,
Abigail Boahemaa Boateng,
Saviour Katamani,
Charles Sarkodie,
Mark Bonnir
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
212-220
Received:
30 September 2022
Accepted:
14 October 2022
Published:
28 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jher.20220804.11
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Abstract: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) implementation are paramount in reducing healthcare-associated infections through Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) practices in healthcare facilities. This study assessed the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene status in selected urban healthcare facilities. This assessment employed onsite observations and structured interviews using pre-defined Water and Sanitation for Health Facility improvement tool (WASH FIT) indicators. Hand hygiene had the highest assessed indicators meeting the required standards (70%) followed by the Water domain with 64%. Facility environment, cleanliness and disinfection had about 62% of its indicators meeting standards. Only 20.8% of indicators assessed on healthcare waste met standards with about 38% failing to meet standards. Sanitation had 30% of its indicators meeting standards. The management domain had the least indicators meeting standards (4.5%) with over 50% of indicators not meeting the standards. There is an urgent need for the supply of sanitation and healthcare waste logistics to healthcare facilities assessed and a paradigm shift in the area of management focusing on orientations of other healthcare professionals on WASH. Furthermore, the delegation of WASH implementation activities to healthcare professionals is key to ensuring effective implementation. Water quality assessment should be prioritized in future studies.
Abstract: Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) implementation are paramount in reducing healthcare-associated infections through Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) practices in healthcare facilities. This study assessed the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene status in selected urban healthcare facilities. This assessment employed onsite observations and stru...
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Determination of Seasonal Dynamics of Microbiological Quality in a Hospital Wastewater, Zaria, Nigeria
Abdullahi Ahmed Fatima,
Abdullahi Shuaibu Akpai,
Abolude David Sunday,
Yahya Ocholi,
Muhammad Namadi Muktar
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2022
Pages:
221-224
Received:
20 July 2022
Accepted:
22 September 2022
Published:
29 October 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.jher.20220804.12
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Abstract: The microbiological examination and monitoring of water sources is commonly used worldwide to ensure safety where by contamination with human and animal excreta could pose serious risks to the community. The sources of microbial contamination of water are numerous and have severe implications for public health. This study determines the seasonal dynamics of microbial counts from a hospital wastewater in Zaria. The Microbial analyses was determined within the hospital using the effluent from the wastewater treatment plant to quantitatively ascertain the total coliform count by presumptive, confirmatory and completed test methods while heterotrophic count was assessed by Spread plate method. Multiple Tube Fermentation technique using Most Probable Number table was used for enumeration of coliform count. The result shows significant difference between dry and wet seasons. At P>0.05, Coliform counts was (35.17± 9.58 / 50.50 ± 9.85 dry and 10.50 ± 1.75b / 27.17± 2.70b wet seasons), Heterotrophic count was (304.00±26.00 / 300.17±34.20 dry and 277.67±30.99 / 234.67±46.61wet seasons) for two seasons each respectively, highest concentrations was obtained in dry seasons. High counts of Coliform in this study indicates fecal/sewage contamination and was found to be above acceptable threshold of WHO, FAO and NESREA while heterotrophic count were within acceptable standards and guideline for both NESREA and FAO but above acceptable limits for WHO. Therefore the microbial load (Coliform) is highly contaminated in the wastewater and will cause health implications to humans and the environment.
Abstract: The microbiological examination and monitoring of water sources is commonly used worldwide to ensure safety where by contamination with human and animal excreta could pose serious risks to the community. The sources of microbial contamination of water are numerous and have severe implications for public health. This study determines the seasonal dy...
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