-
Gender Variation on the Perception of Climate Change Impact on Human Health in Moba Local Government Area of Ekiti State, Nigeria
Biola Badmos,
Henry Sawyerr,
Gabriel Salako,
Atinuke Oyewumi,
Adeolu Adedotun,
Oluwasogo Olalubi,
Olabisi Badmos
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
1-9
Received:
7 December 2017
Accepted:
26 December 2017
Published:
26 February 2018
Abstract: This study investigated the influence of gender (sex) on the view of people towards the impact climate change on human health in south-west Nigeria. Data were collected by means of semi-structured questionnaire from impartial sampled males and females in Moba Local Government Area of Ekiti state, Nigeria. Using descriptive statistics and chi-square test, the collected data were analysed for (i) gender variation on the respondent’s perception about climate change, (ii) gender variation in the perception of the respondents as regards the impact of climate change on human health, and (iii) association between sex type and perception on the impact of climate change on human health (malaria, disability, displacement, flooding, and cholera). Males and females showed comparable knowledge about climate change and its impact on human health, but males were slightly knowledgeable. In some aspect, gender showed significant association (p ≤ 0.05) with respondent’s view on the impact of climate change on human health. Females showed better awareness as regards climate change contributing to malaria, while males are better aware as regards climate change contributing to flooding. Important concern revealed in this study is the low public awareness on the indirect health impact of climate change. Hence, continuous enlightenment of people on the various health impacts of the changing climate is recommended.
Abstract: This study investigated the influence of gender (sex) on the view of people towards the impact climate change on human health in south-west Nigeria. Data were collected by means of semi-structured questionnaire from impartial sampled males and females in Moba Local Government Area of Ekiti state, Nigeria. Using descriptive statistics and chi-square...
Show More
-
Ameliorative Effect of Ascorbic Acid and Hibiscus sabdariffa on Cement Kiln Dust-induced Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility and Lipid Peroxidation in Wistar Rats
Umosen Angela Jecinta,
Onyeyili Patrick Azubuike,
Adenkola Adeshina Yahaya,
Rabo Jude Samani
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
10-15
Received:
9 January 2018
Accepted:
1 February 2018
Published:
26 February 2018
Abstract: The present study evaluated the toxic effects of exposure of cement kiln dust, an environmental toxicant on erythrocyte fragility, lipid peroxidation and the ameliorative effect of ascorbic acid and Hibiscus sabdariffa in wistar rats. Thirty six adult male wistar rats divided into six groups of six rats each were used for the study. Rats in group I, II, III and V were administered distilled water (2 ml), ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg), cement kiln dust (250 mg/kg) and Hibiscus sabdariffa (100 mg/kg) respectively. Rats in group IV and VI were treated with ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg) and Hibiscus sabdariffa (100 mg/kg) respectively 30 minutes before administration of cement kiln dust (250 mg/kg). The treatments were administered by gavage once daily for 90 days. The animals were sacrificed at the end of the treatment period and blood samples collected were analyzed for erythrocyte osmotic fragility and malondialdehyde concentrations using standard methods. The study recorded a higher (p < 0.05) significant malondialdehyde concentration with values of 3.3 ± 0.1 µmol/l in group III (cement kiln dust treated group), while the lowest significant (p < 0.05) was obtained in group II (ascorbic acid group) with values of 0.6 ± 0.1 µmol/l. However the groups administered ascorbic acid and Hibiscus sabdariffa prior to cement kiln dust had significant (p < 0.05) lower levels when compared with group III (cement kiln dust treated group). There was significant (p < 0.05) increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility in the cement kiln dust treated group, which decreased in the groups co-administered cement kiln dust and ascorbic acid or Hibiscus sabdariffa. The study concluded that prolonged exposure to cement kiln dust caused an increase in malondialdehyde concentration and high erythrocyte osmotic fragility, thus increased hemolysis probably due to increased lipid peroxidation, and administration of ascorbic acid and Hibiscus sabdariffa ameliorated these alterations.
Abstract: The present study evaluated the toxic effects of exposure of cement kiln dust, an environmental toxicant on erythrocyte fragility, lipid peroxidation and the ameliorative effect of ascorbic acid and Hibiscus sabdariffa in wistar rats. Thirty six adult male wistar rats divided into six groups of six rats each were used for the study. Rats in group I...
Show More
-
Geographical Distribution of Visceral Leishmaniasis Among Children in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen
Abdulhakim Ali Mohammed Al-Selwi,
Ahmed Hamood Alshehari,
Mohamed Abdulhadi Albahloly
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
16-20
Received:
7 July 2017
Accepted:
18 July 2017
Published:
6 March 2018
Abstract: This is a retrospective study to describe the geographical distribution of visceral leishmaniasis among children in Dhamar governorate, Yemen and to assess the outcomes of the chemotherapeutic management. It was conducted at Al -Wahdah University Hospital, Mabar, Dhamar governorate from April 2015 to March 2016. The study population were all the patients admitted to the hospital having the disease and the data sourced from the patients ‘charts using a performa sheet. Fifty-seven pediatric patients with confirmed visceral leishmaniasis were registered during the study period. The mean age was 3.51±2.4 years and all cases were from Dhamar governorate. All cases presented with fever and splenomegaly. All children were severely anemic and the mean haemoglobin concentration was (6.51±2.82 g/dl). The mean duration of symptoms prior to admission was 98.28±10.6 days and the mean hospital stay was 22.07±15.3 days. The cure rate after hospital management was 94.7%. Death had occurred in 3 cases (5.2%) mostly seen among younger age, and with prolonged illness prior to hospitalization. This study confirmed the presence of VL cases in Dhamar governorate, most frequently affected children below four years of age with excellent response to chemotherapeutic drug. The extension of visceral leishmaniasis infection to involve the highest central regions indicates that the disease tend to spread to other unusual parts of the country. Such a new distribution combined with lack of vital recording and reporting make the efforts to approximate the figure of true incidence difficult.
Abstract: This is a retrospective study to describe the geographical distribution of visceral leishmaniasis among children in Dhamar governorate, Yemen and to assess the outcomes of the chemotherapeutic management. It was conducted at Al -Wahdah University Hospital, Mabar, Dhamar governorate from April 2015 to March 2016. The study population were all the pa...
Show More
-
Environmental Assessment and Evaluation of Anthropogenic Impacts on Sulaibikhat Bay Tidal Flat Area, Kuwait
Mohamed El-Anbaawy,
Ahmed Abdelhalim,
Deadan Al Ajmi,
Mohammad Al Sarawi
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
21-34
Received:
9 January 2018
Accepted:
1 February 2018
Published:
8 March 2018
Abstract: Sulaibikhat Bay is situated along the northern coastline of Kuwait. It occupies the southwestern part of Kuwait Bay, between latitudes 29° 19ʺ and 29° 24ʺ north and longitudes 47° 50ʺ and 47° 55ʺ east, and covers a total area of about 45 km2. The lagoon bay is a shallow (7-8 m) tide-dominated embayment with a very soft muddy flat basin. It has a simple bottom topography, with a maximum water depth of about 8 m. The main objectives of this study is to delineate the water quality of Sulaibikhat Bay, to study the input of anthropogenic activities on the water quality, to recommend methods to improve water quality of the bay and to study the sediment and their heavy metals contents. About 15 marine water and 15 sediment samples were collected along the Sulaibikhat Bay. The samples were analyzed chemically for Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Trace Metals, and Total Organic Carbon. Also Biological Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, and physically analyzed for Dissolved Oxygen, temperature, salinity, PH, Conductivity and nutrient levels. Data analyses for sediment and water reveal that the level of contamination is within the international standard however there are some higher reading of trace metals and other chemicals from the outlets of the power station more than the inlets. As, two sources or large input of trace metals in the coastal water of Sulaibikhat Bay are suggested in this study namely; estuarine fluviatile source of Shatt Al-Arab trace metal rich and dust fallouts.
Abstract: Sulaibikhat Bay is situated along the northern coastline of Kuwait. It occupies the southwestern part of Kuwait Bay, between latitudes 29° 19ʺ and 29° 24ʺ north and longitudes 47° 50ʺ and 47° 55ʺ east, and covers a total area of about 45 km2. The lagoon bay is a shallow (7-8 m) tide-dominated embayment with a very soft muddy flat basin. It has a si...
Show More
-
Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Door Handles of University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Augustine Brian Odigie,
Frederick Osaro Ekhaise,
Paul Ikechukwu Orjiakor,
Eze Chibuzor Nwadibe,
Odeyemi Adebowale Toba,
Odoh Chuks Kenneth
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2018
Pages:
35-41
Received:
6 January 2018
Accepted:
16 February 2018
Published:
23 March 2018
Abstract: In recent times, surfaces of hospital environment, constantly exposed to activities of patients and health-care workers, have been identified as potential routes for horizontal dissemination of drug resistant microorganisms of public health significance. This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic resistance profile of bacteria isolated from samples collected from door handles of various units in University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH), Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Out of the 66 door handles sampled and analysed bacteriologically, 68 predominant bacteria distributed among five (5) species of Escherichia coli (30.9%), Staphylococcusaureus (26.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.6%), Streptococcus pneumonia (13.2%) and Bacillus subtilis (11.8%) were isolated. Kirby Bauer techniques of disk diffusion antibiotic susceptibility test on the isolates using 9 commercial antibiotics according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) procedure showed resistance of P. aeruginosa to five (5) drugs (Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, Streptomycin, Ampicillin, Cephalexin and Nalidixic acid), E. coli to five (5) drugs (Ofloxacin, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, Ampicillin, Cephalexin and Nalidixic acid), S. pneumoniaeto two drugs (Ampicilin and Nalidixic acid) and S aureus to only Nalidixic acid. Agarose gel electrophoresis carried out on their plasmid DNA revealed detectable fragments in P. aeruginosa and E. coli. After plasmid curing, the isolates became sensitive to Streptomycin, Cephalexin,Ofloxacin, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, Ampicillin and Ciprofloxacin. Findings from this study suggest the presence of plasmid mediated multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa and E. coli on surfaces of hospital door handles. Hence, public education on proper personal hygiene and disinfection techniques are recommended in hospitals.
Abstract: In recent times, surfaces of hospital environment, constantly exposed to activities of patients and health-care workers, have been identified as potential routes for horizontal dissemination of drug resistant microorganisms of public health significance. This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic resistance profile of bacteria isolated ...
Show More
