The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana

Fred Oduro Sarpong; Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard; Ernest Biney

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11

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The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana

Fred Oduro Sarpong, Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard, Ernest Biney

Published in Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 7, Issue 4)

Received: 3 September 2021 Accepted: 26 September 2021 Published: 12 October 2021

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Abstract

The cocoa industry is ruined by Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease (CSSVD) caused by a virus transmitted by mealybugs. Initiatives by Ghana Cocoa Board to control the disease have not been all that successful over the years. The study aimed at exploring Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Global Position System (GPS) techniques to assess the prevalence of CSSVD in terms of their geographic locations by comparing the 2^nd and 3^rd Country Wide Surveys (CWS) undertaken by Cocoa Health and Extension Division (CHED) in the Offinso cocoa district of Ghana. Handheld GPS, GIS shapefiles, and Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images were used. Geo-spatial overlay operations of shapefiles and performances on NDVI computations yielded relationships between the 2^nd and 3^rd CWS on CSSVD farms over ten years period from 2009 to 2019. It was revealed that only 12.99 hectares of the disease are found in the 2^nd CWS was persistent under the 3^rd CWS and this was due to successful treatment of infected area during the 2^nd CWS. Also, the health of cocoa under the 3^rd CWS had improved to 262.89 hectares from the previously infected 275.89 hectares. Thus, treatment of the CSSVD was effective and the vegetative health index of the farms emanated from the treatment was also encouraging. The results show the impact on the control of CSSVD for the sustainable production of cocoa. In addition, the research method serves as a guideline for other related studies in an attempt to investigate, quantify and project CSSVD.

Published in	Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 7, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11
Page(s)	169-180
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cocoa, 3S Technology, CSSVD, NDVI, Country Wide Surveys

References

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[3]	Dzahini-Obiatey, H., Ameyaw, G. A. and Ollennu, L. A. (2006) ‘Control of cocoa swollen shoot disease by eradicating infected trees in Ghana: A survey of treated and replanted areas’, Crop Protection. doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2005.09.004.
[4]	Andres, C. et al. (2017) ‘Combatting Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease: What do we know?’ Crop Protection. doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2017.03.010.
[5]	Ameyaw, G. A., Dzahini-Obiatey, H. K. and Domfeh, O. (2014) ‘Perspectives on cocoa swollen shoot virus disease (CSSVD) management in Ghana’, Crop Protection. doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2014.07.001.
[6]	Board, G. C. (2018). Manual for cocoa extension in Ghana.
[7]	Quainoo, A. (2010) ‘PCR-based quarantine procedure for the detection of cocoa swollen shoot virus’, Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America. doi: 10.5251/abjna.2010.1.6.1357.1364.
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[13]	Biney, E., and Boakye, E., (2021). Urban sprawl and its impact on land use land cover dynamics of Sekondi-Takoradi metropolitan assembly, Ghana. Environmental Challenges, 100168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2021.100168.
[14]	National population census report 2010. Ghana statistical service, http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010_District_Report//Ashanti/OFFINSO%2520MUNICIPAL. (Accessed 19/01/2019).
[15]	MOFA., 2018. Ministry of Food and Agriculture-Ghana. (Accessed 09/12/2019).
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APA Style

Fred Oduro Sarpong, Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard, Ernest Biney. (2021). The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 7(4), 169-180. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11

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ACS Style

Fred Oduro Sarpong; Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard; Ernest Biney. The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana. J. Health Environ. Res. 2021, 7(4), 169-180. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11

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AMA Style

Fred Oduro Sarpong, Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard, Ernest Biney. The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana. J Health Environ Res. 2021;7(4):169-180. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11,
  author = {Fred Oduro Sarpong and Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard and Ernest Biney},
  title = {The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {169-180},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20210704.11},
  abstract = {The cocoa industry is ruined by Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease (CSSVD) caused by a virus transmitted by mealybugs. Initiatives by Ghana Cocoa Board to control the disease have not been all that successful over the years. The study aimed at exploring Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Global Position System (GPS) techniques to assess the prevalence of CSSVD in terms of their geographic locations by comparing the 2nd and 3rd Country Wide Surveys (CWS) undertaken by Cocoa Health and Extension Division (CHED) in the Offinso cocoa district of Ghana. Handheld GPS, GIS shapefiles, and Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images were used. Geo-spatial overlay operations of shapefiles and performances on NDVI computations yielded relationships between the 2nd and 3rd CWS on CSSVD farms over ten years period from 2009 to 2019. It was revealed that only 12.99 hectares of the disease are found in the 2nd CWS was persistent under the 3rd CWS and this was due to successful treatment of infected area during the 2nd CWS. Also, the health of cocoa under the 3rd CWS had improved to 262.89 hectares from the previously infected 275.89 hectares. Thus, treatment of the CSSVD was effective and the vegetative health index of the farms emanated from the treatment was also encouraging. The results show the impact on the control of CSSVD for the sustainable production of cocoa. In addition, the research method serves as a guideline for other related studies in an attempt to investigate, quantify and project CSSVD.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana
AU  - Fred Oduro Sarpong
AU  - Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard
AU  - Ernest Biney
Y1  - 2021/10/12
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 169
EP  - 180
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11
AB  - The cocoa industry is ruined by Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease (CSSVD) caused by a virus transmitted by mealybugs. Initiatives by Ghana Cocoa Board to control the disease have not been all that successful over the years. The study aimed at exploring Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Global Position System (GPS) techniques to assess the prevalence of CSSVD in terms of their geographic locations by comparing the 2nd and 3rd Country Wide Surveys (CWS) undertaken by Cocoa Health and Extension Division (CHED) in the Offinso cocoa district of Ghana. Handheld GPS, GIS shapefiles, and Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images were used. Geo-spatial overlay operations of shapefiles and performances on NDVI computations yielded relationships between the 2nd and 3rd CWS on CSSVD farms over ten years period from 2009 to 2019. It was revealed that only 12.99 hectares of the disease are found in the 2nd CWS was persistent under the 3rd CWS and this was due to successful treatment of infected area during the 2nd CWS. Also, the health of cocoa under the 3rd CWS had improved to 262.89 hectares from the previously infected 275.89 hectares. Thus, treatment of the CSSVD was effective and the vegetative health index of the farms emanated from the treatment was also encouraging. The results show the impact on the control of CSSVD for the sustainable production of cocoa. In addition, the research method serves as a guideline for other related studies in an attempt to investigate, quantify and project CSSVD.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Fred Oduro Sarpong

Cocoa Health and Extension Division, Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD), Kumasi, Ghana
Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard

Department of Geomatic Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Ernest Biney

Department of Geomatic Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

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APA Style

Fred Oduro Sarpong, Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard, Ernest Biney. (2021). The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 7(4), 169-180. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11

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ACS Style

Fred Oduro Sarpong; Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard; Ernest Biney. The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana. J. Health Environ. Res. 2021, 7(4), 169-180. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11

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AMA Style

Fred Oduro Sarpong, Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard, Ernest Biney. The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana. J Health Environ Res. 2021;7(4):169-180. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11,
  author = {Fred Oduro Sarpong and Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard and Ernest Biney},
  title = {The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {169-180},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20210704.11},
  abstract = {The cocoa industry is ruined by Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease (CSSVD) caused by a virus transmitted by mealybugs. Initiatives by Ghana Cocoa Board to control the disease have not been all that successful over the years. The study aimed at exploring Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Global Position System (GPS) techniques to assess the prevalence of CSSVD in terms of their geographic locations by comparing the 2nd and 3rd Country Wide Surveys (CWS) undertaken by Cocoa Health and Extension Division (CHED) in the Offinso cocoa district of Ghana. Handheld GPS, GIS shapefiles, and Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images were used. Geo-spatial overlay operations of shapefiles and performances on NDVI computations yielded relationships between the 2nd and 3rd CWS on CSSVD farms over ten years period from 2009 to 2019. It was revealed that only 12.99 hectares of the disease are found in the 2nd CWS was persistent under the 3rd CWS and this was due to successful treatment of infected area during the 2nd CWS. Also, the health of cocoa under the 3rd CWS had improved to 262.89 hectares from the previously infected 275.89 hectares. Thus, treatment of the CSSVD was effective and the vegetative health index of the farms emanated from the treatment was also encouraging. The results show the impact on the control of CSSVD for the sustainable production of cocoa. In addition, the research method serves as a guideline for other related studies in an attempt to investigate, quantify and project CSSVD.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Use of 3S Technology to Assess Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease in Offinso Cocoa District Area, Ghana
AU  - Fred Oduro Sarpong
AU  - Jonathan Arthur Quaye-Ballard
AU  - Ernest Biney
Y1  - 2021/10/12
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 169
EP  - 180
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20210704.11
AB  - The cocoa industry is ruined by Cocoa Swollen Shoot Virus Disease (CSSVD) caused by a virus transmitted by mealybugs. Initiatives by Ghana Cocoa Board to control the disease have not been all that successful over the years. The study aimed at exploring Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS), and Global Position System (GPS) techniques to assess the prevalence of CSSVD in terms of their geographic locations by comparing the 2nd and 3rd Country Wide Surveys (CWS) undertaken by Cocoa Health and Extension Division (CHED) in the Offinso cocoa district of Ghana. Handheld GPS, GIS shapefiles, and Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images were used. Geo-spatial overlay operations of shapefiles and performances on NDVI computations yielded relationships between the 2nd and 3rd CWS on CSSVD farms over ten years period from 2009 to 2019. It was revealed that only 12.99 hectares of the disease are found in the 2nd CWS was persistent under the 3rd CWS and this was due to successful treatment of infected area during the 2nd CWS. Also, the health of cocoa under the 3rd CWS had improved to 262.89 hectares from the previously infected 275.89 hectares. Thus, treatment of the CSSVD was effective and the vegetative health index of the farms emanated from the treatment was also encouraging. The results show the impact on the control of CSSVD for the sustainable production of cocoa. In addition, the research method serves as a guideline for other related studies in an attempt to investigate, quantify and project CSSVD.
VL  - 7
IS  - 4
ER  -

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