Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria

Eluozo S. N.

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13

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Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria

Eluozo S. N.

Published in Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 26 October 2016 Accepted: 6 January 2017 Published: 17 March 2017

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Abstract

This paper evaluated the application of Batch phase system on the migration and deposition process of pathogen in coastal area of Abonnema, this is to monitored the behaviour of the pathogenic origin in predominant saline environment, the study location deposited shallow short fresh water aquifers in the region, the study areas developed homogeneous deposited Aquiferous zone at shallow and deep formation, whereby deep Aquiferous is capital intensive to exploit, base on these conditions, majority of human settlers resolved in developing ground water at shallow Aquiferous zone, it has been confirmed that the deposition of pathogen are from human activities that has polluted shallow Aquiferous zone to the maximum level due to its high rate of porous medium. The rate of concentration between predictive and experimental values range from 9.57E-05-1.46E-03, 9.37E-05 -1.46E-03 between the depth of 0.2-3m deep, while for time of transport ranged from 0.016 - 0.24m 0.016-0.21, at the period of 2 to 24 days, monitoring the rate of concentration were carried out through mathematical modeling by developing a system that express all the functional influential parameters, the developed model were simulated to express the behaviour of the pathogen in saline environment, the theoretical model values generated from the simulation were compared with measured values from column experiment, both parameters generated favorable fits validating the model, experts will find the developed model a useful tool in monitoring the migration of pathogen in homogeneous sand gravel formation in coastal area of Abonnema.

Published in	Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13
Page(s)	31-36
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Modeling and Simulation, Batch Phase of Pathogen, and Homogeneous Sand Gravel

References

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[4]	Karim, M. R., M. W. LeChevallier, M. Abbaszadegan, A. Alum, J. Sobrinho, and J. Rosen, 2004a. Field testing of USEPA Methods 1601 and 1602 for coliphage in groundwater. AWWA Research Foundation. ISBN 1-58321-348-1.
[5]	Matthess, G. and A. Pekdeger, 1988. Survival and transport of pathogenic bacteria and viruses ingroundwater. In Groundwater Quality, edited by C. H. Ward, W. Giger, and P. L. McCarty, pp. 472-482, John Wiley, New York, 1985.
[6]	Medema, G. J., P. Payment, A. Dufour, W. Robertson, M. Waite, P. Hunter, R. Kirby and Y. Andersson, 2003. Safe drinking water: an ongoing challenge. In: Assessing microbial safety of drinking water: improving approaches and methods, Dufour et al. (eds.). World Health Organization, 2003.
[7]	Pang. L., M. Close, M. Goltz, L. Sinton, H. Davies, C. Hall and G. Stanton, 2003. Estimation of septictank setback distances based on transport of E. coli and F-RNA phages. Environ. Int. (29), p. 907-921.
[8]	Payment, P., M. Waite and A. Dufour, 2003. Introducing parameters for the assessment of drinkingwater quality. In: Assessing microbial safety of drinking water: improving approaches andmethods, Dufour et al. (eds.). World Health Organization, 2003. ISBN 92 4 154630.
[9]	Powelson, D. K., and A. L. Mills, 2001. Transport of Escherichia coli in sand columns with constantand changing water contents. J. Environ. Qual. (30), p. 238-245.
[10]	Schijven, J. F. 2001. Virus removal from groundwater by soil passage. Modelling field and laboratory experiments. PhD Thesis. ISBN 90-646-4046-7. Posen and Looijen, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
[11]	Simunek, J., K. Huang, M. Sejna, and M. T. van Genuchten, 1998. The HYDRUS-1D software packagefor simulating the one-dimensional movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes invariably-saturated media – version 2.0, IGWMC-TPS-70, International Ground WaterModeling Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 202 pp.
[12]	Tong, M. and W. P. Johnson, 2006. Colloid population heterogeneity drives hyper-exponentialdeviation from classic filtration theory. Environ. Sci. Technol., in press.
[13]	World Health Organization, 2000-2003. Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000 Report. http://www.who.int/docstore/water_sanitation_health/globassessment.
[14]	Jan Willem Anton F 2007Transport of Escherichia coliin saturated porous media Published by A. A. Balkema Publishers, a member of Taylor & Francis Group plc.www.balkema.nl and www.tandf.co.uk.

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APA Style

Eluozo S. N. (2017). Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 3(2), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13

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ACS Style

Eluozo S. N. Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria. J. Health Environ. Res. 2017, 3(2), 31-36. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13

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AMA Style

Eluozo S. N. Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria. J Health Environ Res. 2017;3(2):31-36. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13

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@article{10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13,
  author = {Eluozo S. N.},
  title = {Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20170302.13},
  abstract = {This paper evaluated the application of Batch phase system on the migration and deposition process of pathogen in coastal area of Abonnema, this is to monitored the behaviour of the pathogenic origin in predominant saline environment, the study location deposited shallow short fresh water aquifers in the region, the study areas developed homogeneous deposited Aquiferous zone at shallow and deep formation, whereby deep Aquiferous is capital intensive to exploit, base on these conditions, majority of human settlers resolved in developing ground water at shallow Aquiferous zone, it has been confirmed that the deposition of pathogen are from human activities that has polluted shallow Aquiferous zone to the maximum level due to its high rate of porous medium. The rate of concentration between predictive and experimental values range from 9.57E-05-1.46E-03, 9.37E-05 -1.46E-03 between the depth of 0.2-3m deep, while for time of transport ranged from 0.016 - 0.24m 0.016-0.21, at the period of 2 to 24 days, monitoring the rate of concentration were carried out through mathematical modeling by developing a system that express all the functional influential parameters, the developed model were simulated to express the behaviour of the pathogen in saline environment, the theoretical model values generated from the simulation were compared with measured values from column experiment, both parameters generated favorable fits validating the model, experts will find the developed model a useful tool in monitoring the migration of pathogen in homogeneous sand gravel formation in coastal area of Abonnema.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria
AU  - Eluozo S. N.
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PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 31
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13
AB  - This paper evaluated the application of Batch phase system on the migration and deposition process of pathogen in coastal area of Abonnema, this is to monitored the behaviour of the pathogenic origin in predominant saline environment, the study location deposited shallow short fresh water aquifers in the region, the study areas developed homogeneous deposited Aquiferous zone at shallow and deep formation, whereby deep Aquiferous is capital intensive to exploit, base on these conditions, majority of human settlers resolved in developing ground water at shallow Aquiferous zone, it has been confirmed that the deposition of pathogen are from human activities that has polluted shallow Aquiferous zone to the maximum level due to its high rate of porous medium. The rate of concentration between predictive and experimental values range from 9.57E-05-1.46E-03, 9.37E-05 -1.46E-03 between the depth of 0.2-3m deep, while for time of transport ranged from 0.016 - 0.24m 0.016-0.21, at the period of 2 to 24 days, monitoring the rate of concentration were carried out through mathematical modeling by developing a system that express all the functional influential parameters, the developed model were simulated to express the behaviour of the pathogen in saline environment, the theoretical model values generated from the simulation were compared with measured values from column experiment, both parameters generated favorable fits validating the model, experts will find the developed model a useful tool in monitoring the migration of pathogen in homogeneous sand gravel formation in coastal area of Abonnema.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Eluozo S. N.

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Subaka, Nigeria

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APA Style

Eluozo S. N. (2017). Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 3(2), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13

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ACS Style

Eluozo S. N. Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria. J. Health Environ. Res. 2017, 3(2), 31-36. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13

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AMA Style

Eluozo S. N. Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria. J Health Environ Res. 2017;3(2):31-36. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13

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@article{10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13,
  author = {Eluozo S. N.},
  title = {Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {31-36},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20170302.13},
  abstract = {This paper evaluated the application of Batch phase system on the migration and deposition process of pathogen in coastal area of Abonnema, this is to monitored the behaviour of the pathogenic origin in predominant saline environment, the study location deposited shallow short fresh water aquifers in the region, the study areas developed homogeneous deposited Aquiferous zone at shallow and deep formation, whereby deep Aquiferous is capital intensive to exploit, base on these conditions, majority of human settlers resolved in developing ground water at shallow Aquiferous zone, it has been confirmed that the deposition of pathogen are from human activities that has polluted shallow Aquiferous zone to the maximum level due to its high rate of porous medium. The rate of concentration between predictive and experimental values range from 9.57E-05-1.46E-03, 9.37E-05 -1.46E-03 between the depth of 0.2-3m deep, while for time of transport ranged from 0.016 - 0.24m 0.016-0.21, at the period of 2 to 24 days, monitoring the rate of concentration were carried out through mathematical modeling by developing a system that express all the functional influential parameters, the developed model were simulated to express the behaviour of the pathogen in saline environment, the theoretical model values generated from the simulation were compared with measured values from column experiment, both parameters generated favorable fits validating the model, experts will find the developed model a useful tool in monitoring the migration of pathogen in homogeneous sand gravel formation in coastal area of Abonnema.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Modeling and Simulation on Batch Phase of Pathogen Transport in Short Fresh Water Aquifers in Heterogeneous Sand Gravel in Coastal Area of Abonnema, Rivers State of Nigeria
AU  - Eluozo S. N.
Y1  - 2017/03/17
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13
T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
SP  - 31
EP  - 36
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2472-3592
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20170302.13
AB  - This paper evaluated the application of Batch phase system on the migration and deposition process of pathogen in coastal area of Abonnema, this is to monitored the behaviour of the pathogenic origin in predominant saline environment, the study location deposited shallow short fresh water aquifers in the region, the study areas developed homogeneous deposited Aquiferous zone at shallow and deep formation, whereby deep Aquiferous is capital intensive to exploit, base on these conditions, majority of human settlers resolved in developing ground water at shallow Aquiferous zone, it has been confirmed that the deposition of pathogen are from human activities that has polluted shallow Aquiferous zone to the maximum level due to its high rate of porous medium. The rate of concentration between predictive and experimental values range from 9.57E-05-1.46E-03, 9.37E-05 -1.46E-03 between the depth of 0.2-3m deep, while for time of transport ranged from 0.016 - 0.24m 0.016-0.21, at the period of 2 to 24 days, monitoring the rate of concentration were carried out through mathematical modeling by developing a system that express all the functional influential parameters, the developed model were simulated to express the behaviour of the pathogen in saline environment, the theoretical model values generated from the simulation were compared with measured values from column experiment, both parameters generated favorable fits validating the model, experts will find the developed model a useful tool in monitoring the migration of pathogen in homogeneous sand gravel formation in coastal area of Abonnema.
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
ER  -

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